What is the main function of a router?

The main function of a router is to connect different networks and route data packets. Routers operate at Layer 3 of the OSI model, which is the Network layer. Their primary purpose is to examine the destination IP address of incoming packets and determine the best path for them to travel across interconnected networks. By making these routing decisions, routers enable communication between devices on different subnetworks, allowing data to find its way across diverse networking environments.

In addition to basic routing, routers may perform additional functions such as traffic management, network address translation (NAT), and implementation of security measures through access control lists (ACLs). This makes them essential devices in both enterprise and home network environments, facilitating efficient and effective data transfer and communication between distinct network segments.